My Thumb Is Very Painful When I Try to Open Jars. What's Going On?

Pain at the base of the thumb when you grip, twist or open a jar is one of the most common complaints people bring to a hand surgeon. In many cases it is a sign of thumb base arthritis, also called carpometacarpal (CMC) arthritis.

The joint at the base of the thumb is one of the most used joints in the body. Every pinch, grip, turn and key turn relies on it. Over time, the smooth cartilage that lines this joint can wear down. When that happens, bone rubs against bone, and everyday twisting motions become painful.

Why Opening Jars Hurts So Much

Opening a jar requires a powerful grip combined with a twisting motion — exactly the movement that stresses the thumb base joint the most. When the joint is irritated, this motion produces sharp pain at the base of the thumb.

• Pain at the base of the thumb, near the wrist crease
• Discomfort with pinching, gripping or twisting motions
• Weakness or difficulty with activities such as opening jars or turning keys
• An enlarged or bony appearance at the thumb base
• Aching that worsens with activity

Getting a Diagnosis

A focused examination of the thumb and wrist, together with X-rays, can usually confirm whether the thumb base joint is arthritic. Sometimes more than one hand or wrist condition is present, so a full evaluation helps clarify the source of the pain.

Treatment Options

Treatment ranges from conservative measures to surgery, depending on the severity of the arthritis and how much it interferes with your daily activities and goals.

• Activity modification and assistive aids for easier gripping
• Hand therapy and thumb strengthening
• Anti-inflammatory medication and ice
• Cortisone injections for pain relief
• Ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition (LRTI) surgery when conservative care is not enough